The maximum voltage that can be applied to the input pins is ±40V, but it's recommended to keep it within ±20V to ensure accurate measurements.
The gain of the INA199 is calculated by dividing the output voltage by the input voltage. The gain is typically set to 20V/V, but it can be adjusted by changing the gain resistor (Rg) according to the formula: Gain = 20V/V * (Rg / 1kΩ).
The REF pin is used to set the reference voltage for the output. It can be connected to a voltage reference or a voltage divider to set the output voltage range. Typically, it's connected to a 2.5V voltage reference to set the output range to 0-5V.
The output voltage swing of the INA199 is limited to the supply voltage minus 1.5V. To handle the output voltage swing, ensure that the output voltage is within the specified range, and consider using an output voltage clamp or a voltage limiter to prevent damage to the device.
To minimize noise and ensure accurate measurements, it's recommended to follow a star-ground layout, keep the input traces short and away from noise sources, and use a ground plane to reduce electromagnetic interference (EMI).