The recommended operating voltage range for the LF412CDG4 is ±2V to ±18V, although it can operate up to ±22V with reduced performance.
To ensure stability in a unity-gain configuration, add a 10nF to 22nF capacitor between the output and the inverting input to prevent oscillations.
The LF412CDG4 can drive up to 100pF of capacitive load without oscillating, but this value may vary depending on the specific application and layout.
To reduce noise and hum, use a well-regulated power supply, add decoupling capacitors (e.g., 10uF and 100nF) between the power pins and ground, and consider using a noise-reducing capacitor (e.g., 10nF) between the inverting input and ground.
While the LF412CDG4 can be used as a comparator, it's not recommended due to its relatively slow slew rate (0.5V/μs) and limited output current (20mA). A dedicated comparator like the LM339 or LM2901 would be a better choice.