The SN74LS09DR is a digital logic gate and does not have a clock input, so it does not have a maximum clock frequency.
The SN74LS09DR is a 5V device, but it can be used in a 3.3V system with some limitations. The output voltage will be lower than 5V, and the noise margin will be reduced.
To avoid glitches, it is recommended to sequence the inputs to the SN74LS09DR in a way that avoids simultaneous transitions on both inputs. If simultaneous transitions cannot be avoided, a short pulse stretcher or a synchronizer circuit can be used to clean up the output.
Yes, you can use the SN74LS09DR as an inverter by tying one input high or low. This is a common practice, but keep in mind that the output will not be a perfect inversion of the input due to the internal circuitry of the device.
The power consumption of the SN74LS09DR depends on the operating frequency, input voltage, and output load. According to the datasheet, the typical power consumption is around 20-30 mW at 5V and 1 kHz.